Implementation of regional innovation policy through cluster model

Abstract

Due to the effective influence of a cluster model on the competitiveness of enterprises-participants, regions and states, it should be supported and stimulated by the governments. There are two generations of cluster policy. Cluster policy of the first generation includes measures of identification of clusters, general cluster policy support, which are undertaken by state and regional authorities. It provides generally accepted "rules" for the clustering process. Cluster policy of the second generation is based on knowledge of existing clusters in the country and provides an individual approach to the development of each cluster. State may stimulate the development of clusters, conducting various measures: 1) "broker" policy - a platform for dialogue between different actors of a cluster, 2) diversification of a local demand through placement of government contracts in local companies, 3) training the local workforce through the implementation of special educational programmes and 4) creation of a "brand" of a region to attract foreign investment.