Концептуальні засади парадигми оновленої платіжної системи України

Abstract

За результатами проведеного дослідження щодо стану платіжної системи України запропонована авторська парадигма оновленої платіжної системи України й основні її теоретичні та практичні положення, які передбачають повне перезавантаження і реформування національної платіжної системи з метою її осучаснення та приведення у відповідність останнім європейським і світовим вимогам у сфері платіжних послуг. Основою для реформування платіжної системи країни виступає її функціональна модель, яка включатиме в себе концепцію «відкритого банкінгу» («Оpen Banking»), нові суб’єкти платіжної системи країни, технологічні зміни руху платіжної інформації, а також законодавче закріплення таких змін. Запропоновані кардинальні зміни на ринку платіжних послуг країни дадуть змогу вирішити цілий ряд важливих питань, пов’язаних із підвищенням ефективності функціонування платіжних систем.

According to the results of the study on the status of the payment system of Ukraine, the author’s paradigm of the updated payment system of Ukraine and its main theoretical and practical provisions are proposed, that provide a complete reboot and reform of the national payment system to modernize and bring it into line with recent European and world payment services. The basis for reforming of the country’s payment system shall be its functional model, that shall include the concept of “open banking” (“Open Banking”), new actors in the country’s payment system, technological changes in payment information, as well as legislative consolidation of such changes. The proposed radical changes in the market of payment services of the country will allow to solve a number of important issues related to improving the efficiency of payment systems. The study highlights the main risks in the functioning of the updated payment system of the country on the principles of “open banking” also with its new participants. It is proposed to consider and focus the attention of all participants in the payment market, including the regulator, on the types of identified risks that may arise when implementing the concept of “open banking” in the updated payment system of Ukraine. The proposed project developed a mechanism for ensuring the successful operation of the payment service provider, which includes demonopolization of the payment market and cooperation with other providers and the regulator. The main issues are addressed on obtaining the necessary information in providing payment services, that shall be transparent, open and accessible for the client who makes payments, as well as offered a variety of payment instruments for payment service providers, depending on the limitations of such services. It should be noted that the role of the regulator in monitoring of the provision of necessary information to the payment service user by the provider remains extremely important, that prescribes its impact on payment service providers to provide timely and accessible information to the client, as well as rules of mutually beneficial cooperation between the renewed payment market and the National Bank of Ukraine. The study develops the main aspects of providing the necessary information from payment service providers for initiating payments and payment service providers, as well as a mechanism for regulating the rights and obligations of payment ecosystem entities in the provision of payment services, that prescribes liability between payment service providers and the customer. The main criteria for conducting a payment transaction in the updated payment system are also proposed, taking into account possible risks and security measures; establishing responsibility for the conducting of payment transactions that will help resolve such important issues regarding the receipt and conducting of payment orders, refusal and irrevocability of payment orders, transfer and receipt of funds, incorrect unique identifiers, recourse rights, extraordinary and unforeseen circumstances, etc.; regulator’s control over information protection, probable risks and dispute resolution.