Экономика Украины в условиях транформационного кризиса

Abstract

Раскрыто содержание понятия «трансформация экономической системы. Выявлены негативные тенденции социально-экономического развития Украины и причины погружения страны в «ловушку бедности». Представлены основные направления развития экономики Украины в условиях трансформационного кризиса.

Розкрито зміст поняття «трансформація економічної системи. Виявлено негативні тенденції соціально-економічного розвитку України та причини занурення країни в «пастку бідності». Представлені основні напрямки розвитку економіки України в умовах трансформаційної кризи.

The purpose of the article is to identify problems and specifics of the development of the Ukrainian economy in the context of the transformational crisis, the causes of immersion in the “poverty trap”, as well as to substantiate the main directions for the implementation of transformations in the country. It is revealed that from the position of a systemic approach, transformation is the transition of a socio-economic system from one state to another, qualitatively new, based on the consistent implementation of many positive and negative structural changes that transform the economic relationship between elements of the system and lead to the modification of its main quantitative and qualitative characteristics, various social consequences, and sometimes negative social formations and deformities. Ukraine is still searching for the optimal strategic direction and defining the strategic goal of its further development, which results in the absence of clear programs for reforming the economy and restructuring the economic relations. The negative trends in the socio-economic development of Ukraine during 2012-2018 are identified. According to a number of indicators, in comparison with indicators of the global economic development, the probable socio-economic consequences for the country and the reasons for its immersion in the «poverty trap» are substantiated. The main directions of development of the Ukrainian economy in the context of the transformation crisis are presented; the main of them are: an urgent reorientation from the export of raw materials and semi-finished products to the value-added products, the transition from the resource-based to the innovative growth, embedding domestic products in the global value chains, industry job creation in innovative entrepreneurship, increasing investment in infrastructure, separating business from government, investment and innovation model of development.