Формування моделі економічного розвитку в нових історичних реаліях

Abstract

Проведено теоретичне дослідження нових об’єктивних передумов, які виступають імперативами формування нової економічної моделі розвитку України в післявоєнний період. Досліджено особливості економічного зростання на сучасному етапі, проаналізовано структуру використання вітчизняного ВВП. Обґрунтовано необхідність нової індустріалізації як передумови нарощування виробництва доданої вартості. Розглянуто дискусії стосовно застосування «плану Маршалла» для України і визначено головні проблеми його реалізації в повоєнний періодIt is shown that the post-war revival of Ukraine’s economy is impossible on the basis of the existing economic model, which is based on the adaptation of domestic industries to the trends in world commodity markets. Th is model ensured economic «growth without development» and led to the deindustrialization. Th e need for the formation of an economic model, which will envisage the path to a new industrialization, is substantiated. New industrialization should begin with setting up the industries that could continue the technological chains of commodities production and easily replace imports. Th e analysis of the structure of domestic GDP use showed that domestic consumption did not become a driver of economic development. Th e existing economic model does not use exports to develop domestic production and increase the income of population. Th erefore, when forming a new model of national economy, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the movement of goods, capital, and labor depending on the waves of globalization and localization of world markets. Since today the world economy has entered a phase of global localization of production, the national development strategy of our country should also focus on creating conditions for the formation of national technological added value chains. To this end, it is necessary to increase a rate of capital accumulation, create new sub-sectors, new added value. T h e «Marshall Plan» for Ukraine became the main idea for restoring our economic development through the modernization and renewal of production potential. It is proposed that aid recipient countries submit thorough investment projects to a special agency that would establish requirements, criteria and estimates for their fi nancial support. Th e «Marshall Plan» for Ukraine may become a basis of the national revival strategy, thus, Ukraine must be an active subject in the process of choosing its own development strategy, when its national interests will be realized with the help of this plan.