Банківський кредит як інструмент управління сезонністю аграрних підприємств

Abstract

Метою дослідження є обґрунтування теоретичних основ визначення ролі банківського кредиту у процесі управління сезонністю аграрних підприємств. У процесі написання статті використано методи наукової абстракції, аналізу, порівняння, узагальнення. У дослідженні визначено сутність банківського кредитування аграрних підприємств. Досліджено вплив сезонності на процес сільськогосподарського виробництва. Визначено основні елементи механізму залучення банківських кредитів сільськогосподарськими підприємствами з метою управління сезонністю виробництва. За результатами дослідження запропоновано конкретні методи удосконалення кредитних механізмів для фінансування діяльності аграрних підприємств. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical foundations of determining the role of bank credit in the process of managing the seasonality of agricultural enterprises. In the process of writing the article, methods of scientific abstraction, analysis, comparison, and generalization were used. The article carries out a comprehensive study of the essence of bank lending to agricultural enterprises, which is justified as a tool for financial support of their production and economic activities, aimed at maintaining the continuity of reproductive processes, expanding and modernizing production, as well as forming socio-economic prerequisites for the development of rural areas. The key natural-climatic and organizational-economic features of the functioning of agricultural production are determined, and the influence of the seasonal factor on its course is also studied. The dynamics and structure of bank lending to the agricultural sector are analyzed in terms of maturity. The components of the mechanism for attracting bank loans by agricultural enterprises in order to level the impact of seasonality are identified, in particular, the reasons, goals and lending instruments. It is established that the main types of credit products used to manage seasonal fluctuations are loans to replenish working capital and investment loans. The results of the study suggest directions for improving credit mechanisms for financing the current activities of agricultural enterprises, the implementation of which will contribute to strengthening their financial stability and ensuring sustainable development of the industry. The feasibility of developing short-term credit lines to cover peak needs for working capital, introducing seasonal loans with adaptive repayment schedules, applying flexible interest rates and preferential lending conditions, as well as strengthening comprehensive support from the state and the banking system, in particular through mechanisms for compensation of interest rates and targeted financing of seasonal needs of small and mediumsized agricultural businesses, is substantiated.